#include "sasl.h" /* print_hex is used for debug it displays the string buf hexa values of size len */ int print_hex(unsigned char *buf, int len) { int i; int n; for (i = 0, n = 0; i < len; i++) { if (n > 7) { printf("\n"); n = 0; } printf("0x%02x, ", buf[i]); n++; } printf("\n"); return (0); } /* RFC 4013: SASLprep: Stringprep Profile for User Names and Passwords code based on gsasl_saslprep from GSASL project */ int sasl_saslprep(const char *in, sasl_saslprep_flags flags, char **out) { #if LIBIDN int rc; rc = stringprep_profile(in, out, "SASLprep", (flags & SASL_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED) ? STRINGPREP_NO_UNASSIGNED : 0); if (rc != STRINGPREP_OK) { *out = NULL; return -1; } #if defined HAVE_PR29_H if (pr29_8z(*out) != PR29_SUCCESS) { free(*out); *out = NULL; return -1; } #endif #else size_t i, inlen = strlen(in); for (i = 0; i < inlen; i++) { if (in[i] & 0x80) { *out = NULL; hydra_report(stderr, "Error: Can't convert UTF-8, you should install libidn\n"); return -1; } } *out = malloc(inlen + 1); if (!*out) { hydra_report(stderr, "Error: Can't allocate memory\n"); return -1; } strcpy(*out, in); #endif return 0; } /* RFC 4616: The PLAIN Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL) Mechanism sasl_plain computes the plain authentication from strings login and password and stored the value in variable result the first parameter result must be able to hold at least 255 bytes! */ void sasl_plain(char *result, char *login, char *pass) { char *preplogin; char *preppasswd; int rc = sasl_saslprep(login, SASL_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED, &preplogin); if (rc) { result = NULL; return; } rc = sasl_saslprep(pass, 0, &preppasswd); if (rc) { free(preplogin); result = NULL; return; } if (2 * strlen(preplogin) + 3 + strlen(preppasswd) < 180) { strcpy(result, preplogin); strcpy(result + strlen(preplogin) + 1, preplogin); strcpy(result + 2 * strlen(preplogin) + 2, preppasswd); hydra_tobase64((unsigned char *) result, strlen(preplogin) * 2 + strlen(preppasswd) + 2, 250); } free(preplogin); free(preppasswd); } #ifdef LIBOPENSSL /* RFC 2195: IMAP/POP AUTHorize Extension for Simple Challenge/Response sasl_cram_md5 computes the cram-md5 authentication from password string and the challenge sent by the server, and stored the value in variable result the parameter result must be able to hold at least 100 bytes! */ void sasl_cram_md5(char *result, char *pass, char *challenge) { char ipad[64]; char opad[64]; unsigned char md5_raw[MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH]; MD5_CTX md5c; int i, rc; char *preppasswd; if (challenge == NULL) { result = NULL; return; } rc = sasl_saslprep(pass, 0, &preppasswd); if (rc) { result = NULL; return; } memset(ipad, 0, sizeof(ipad)); memset(opad, 0, sizeof(opad)); if (strlen(preppasswd) >= 64) { MD5_Init(&md5c); MD5_Update(&md5c, preppasswd, strlen(preppasswd)); MD5_Final(md5_raw, &md5c); memcpy(ipad, md5_raw, MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH); memcpy(opad, md5_raw, MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH); } else { strcpy(ipad, preppasswd); // safe strcpy(opad, preppasswd); // safe } for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) { ipad[i] ^= 0x36; opad[i] ^= 0x5c; } MD5_Init(&md5c); MD5_Update(&md5c, ipad, 64); MD5_Update(&md5c, challenge, strlen(challenge)); MD5_Final(md5_raw, &md5c); MD5_Init(&md5c); MD5_Update(&md5c, opad, 64); MD5_Update(&md5c, md5_raw, MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH); MD5_Final(md5_raw, &md5c); for (i = 0; i < MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH; i++) { sprintf(result, "%02x", md5_raw[i]); result += 2; } free(preppasswd); } /* sasl_cram_sha1 computes the cram-sha1 authentication from password string and the challenge sent by the server, and stored the value in variable result the parameter result must be able to hold at least 100 bytes! */ void sasl_cram_sha1(char *result, char *pass, char *challenge) { char ipad[64]; char opad[64]; unsigned char sha1_raw[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH]; SHA_CTX shac; int i, rc; char *preppasswd; if (challenge == NULL) { result = NULL; return; } rc = sasl_saslprep(pass, 0, &preppasswd); if (rc) { result = NULL; return; } memset(ipad, 0, sizeof(ipad)); memset(opad, 0, sizeof(opad)); if (strlen(preppasswd) >= 64) { SHA1_Init(&shac); SHA1_Update(&shac, preppasswd, strlen(preppasswd)); SHA1_Final(sha1_raw, &shac); memcpy(ipad, sha1_raw, SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH); memcpy(opad, sha1_raw, SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH); } else { strcpy(ipad, preppasswd); // safe strcpy(opad, preppasswd); // safe } for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) { ipad[i] ^= 0x36; opad[i] ^= 0x5c; } SHA1_Init(&shac); SHA1_Update(&shac, ipad, 64); SHA1_Update(&shac, challenge, strlen(challenge)); SHA1_Final(sha1_raw, &shac); SHA1_Init(&shac); SHA1_Update(&shac, opad, 64); SHA1_Update(&shac, sha1_raw, SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH); SHA1_Final(sha1_raw, &shac); for (i = 0; i < SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH; i++) { sprintf(result, "%02x", sha1_raw[i]); result += 2; } free(preppasswd); } /* sasl_cram_sha256 computes the cram-sha256 authentication from password string and the challenge sent by the server, and stored the value in variable result the parameter result must be able to hold at least 100 bytes! */ void sasl_cram_sha256(char *result, char *pass, char *challenge) { char ipad[64]; char opad[64]; unsigned char sha256_raw[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH]; SHA256_CTX sha256c; int i, rc; char *preppasswd; if (challenge == NULL) { result = NULL; return; } memset(ipad, 0, sizeof(ipad)); memset(opad, 0, sizeof(opad)); rc = sasl_saslprep(pass, 0, &preppasswd); if (rc) { result = NULL; return; } if (strlen(preppasswd) >= 64) { SHA256_Init(&sha256c); SHA256_Update(&sha256c, preppasswd, strlen(preppasswd)); SHA256_Final(sha256_raw, &sha256c); memcpy(ipad, sha256_raw, SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH); memcpy(opad, sha256_raw, SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH); } else { strcpy(ipad, preppasswd); // safe strcpy(opad, preppasswd); // safe } for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) { ipad[i] ^= 0x36; opad[i] ^= 0x5c; } SHA256_Init(&sha256c); SHA256_Update(&sha256c, ipad, 64); SHA256_Update(&sha256c, challenge, strlen(challenge)); SHA256_Final(sha256_raw, &sha256c); SHA256_Init(&sha256c); SHA256_Update(&sha256c, opad, 64); SHA256_Update(&sha256c, sha256_raw, SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH); SHA256_Final(sha256_raw, &sha256c); for (i = 0; i < SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH; i++) { sprintf(result, "%02x", sha256_raw[i]); result += 2; } free(preppasswd); } /* RFC 2831: Using Digest Authentication as a SASL Mechanism the parameter result must be able to hold at least 500 bytes!! */ void sasl_digest_md5(char *result, char *login, char *pass, char *buffer, char *miscptr, char *type, char *webtarget, int webport, char *header) { char *pbuffer = NULL; int array_size = 10; unsigned char response[MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH]; char *array[array_size]; char buffer2[500], buffer3[500], nonce[200], realm[50], algo[20]; int i = 0, ind = 0, lastpos = 0, currentpos = 0, intq = 0, auth_find = 0; MD5_CTX md5c; char *preplogin; char *preppasswd; int rc = sasl_saslprep(login, SASL_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED, &preplogin); memset(realm, 0, sizeof(realm)); if (rc) { result = NULL; return; } rc = sasl_saslprep(pass, 0, &preppasswd); if (rc) { free(preplogin); result = NULL; return; } //DEBUG S: nonce="HB3HGAk+hxKpijy/ichq7Wob3Zo17LPM9rr4kMX7xRM=",realm="tida",qop="auth",maxbuf=4096,charset=utf-8,algorithm=md5-sess //DEBUG S: nonce="1Mr6c8WjOd/x5r8GUnGeQIRNUtOVtItu3kQOGAmsZfM=",realm="test.com",qop="auth,auth-int,auth-conf",cipher="rc4-40,rc4-56,rc4,des,3des",maxbuf=4096,charset=utf-8,algorithm=md5-sess //warning some not well configured xmpp server is sending no realm //DEBUG S: nonce="3448160828",qop="auth",charset=utf-8,algorithm=md5-sess pbuffer = buffer; do { currentpos++; if (pbuffer[0] == '"') { if (intq == 0) intq = 1; else { intq = 0; } } if ((pbuffer[0] == ',') && (intq == 0)) { array[ind] = malloc(currentpos); strncpy(array[ind], buffer + lastpos, currentpos - 1); array[ind][currentpos - 1] = '\0'; ind++; lastpos += currentpos; currentpos = 0; } pbuffer++; } while ((pbuffer[0] != '\0') && (pbuffer[0] > 31) && (ind < array_size)); //save the latest one if (ind < array_size) { array[ind] = malloc(currentpos + 1); strncpy(array[ind], buffer + lastpos, currentpos); array[ind][currentpos] = '\0'; ind++; } for (i = 0; i < ind; i++) { //removing space chars between comma separated value if any while ((array[i] != NULL) && (array[i][0] == ' ')) { char *tmp = strdup(array[i]); memset(array[i], 0, sizeof(array[i])); strcpy(array[i], tmp + 1); free(tmp); } if (strstr(array[i], "nonce=") != NULL) { //check if it contains double-quote if (strstr(array[i], "\"") != NULL) { //assume last char is also a double-quote int nonce_string_len = strlen(array[i]) - strlen("nonce=\"") - 1; if ((nonce_string_len > 0) && (nonce_string_len <= sizeof(nonce) - 1)) { strncpy(nonce, strstr(array[i], "nonce=") + strlen("nonce=") + 1, nonce_string_len); nonce[nonce_string_len] = '\0'; } else { int j; for (j = 0; j < ind; j++) if (array[j] != NULL) free(array[j]); hydra_report(stderr, "Error: DIGEST-MD5 nonce from server could not be extracted\n"); result = NULL; return; } } else { strncpy(nonce, strstr(array[i], "nonce=") + strlen("nonce="), sizeof(nonce) - 1); nonce[sizeof(nonce) - 1] = '\0'; } } if (strstr(array[i], "realm=") != NULL) { if (strstr(array[i], "\"") != NULL) { //assume last char is also a double-quote int realm_string_len = strlen(array[i]) - strlen("realm=\"") - 1; if ((realm_string_len > 0) && (realm_string_len <= sizeof(realm) - 1)) { strncpy(realm, strstr(array[i], "realm=") + strlen("realm=") + 1, realm_string_len); realm[realm_string_len] = '\0'; } else { int i; for (i = 0; i < ind; i++) if (array[i] != NULL) free(array[i]); hydra_report(stderr, "Error: DIGEST-MD5 realm from server could not be extracted\n"); result = NULL; return; } } else { strncpy(realm, strstr(array[i], "realm=") + strlen("realm="), sizeof(realm) - 1); realm[sizeof(realm) - 1] = '\0'; } } if (strstr(array[i], "qop=") != NULL) { /* The value "auth" indicates authentication; the value "auth-int" indicates authentication with integrity protection; the value "auth-conf" indicates authentication with integrity protection and encryption. */ auth_find = 1; if ((strstr(array[i], "\"auth\"") == NULL) && (strstr(array[i], "\"auth,") == NULL) && (strstr(array[i], ",auth\"") == NULL)) { int j; for (j = 0; j < ind; j++) if (array[j] != NULL) free(array[j]); hydra_report(stderr, "Error: DIGEST-MD5 quality of protection only authentication is not supported by server\n"); result = NULL; return; } } if (strstr(array[i], "algorithm=") != NULL) { if (strstr(array[i], "\"") != NULL) { //assume last char is also a double-quote int algo_string_len = strlen(array[i]) - strlen("algorithm=\"") - 1; if ((algo_string_len > 0) && (algo_string_len <= sizeof(algo) - 1)) { strncpy(algo, strstr(array[i], "algorithm=") + strlen("algorithm=") + 1, algo_string_len); algo[algo_string_len] = '\0'; } else { int j; for (j = 0; j < ind; j++) if (array[j] != NULL) free(array[j]); hydra_report(stderr, "Error: DIGEST-MD5 algorithm from server could not be extracted\n"); result = NULL; return; } } else { strncpy(algo, strstr(array[i], "algorithm=") + strlen("algorithm="), sizeof(algo) - 1); algo[sizeof(algo) - 1] = '\0'; } if ((strstr(algo, "MD5") == NULL) && (strstr(algo, "md5") == NULL)) { int j; for (j = 0; j < ind; j++) if (array[j] != NULL) free(array[j]); hydra_report(stderr, "Error: DIGEST-MD5 algorithm not based on md5, based on %s\n", algo); result = NULL; return; } } free(array[i]); array[i] = NULL; } if (!strlen(algo)) { //assuming by default algo is MD5 memset(algo, 0, sizeof(algo)); strcpy(algo, "MD5"); } //xmpp case, some xmpp server is not sending the realm so we have to set it up if ((strlen(realm) == 0) && (strstr(type, "xmpp") != NULL)) snprintf(realm, sizeof(realm), "%s", miscptr); //compute ha1 //support for algo = MD5 snprintf(buffer, 500, "%s:%s:%s", preplogin, realm, preppasswd); MD5_Init(&md5c); MD5_Update(&md5c, buffer, strlen(buffer)); MD5_Final(response, &md5c); //for MD5-sess if (strstr(algo, "5-sess") != NULL) { buffer[0] = 0; //memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer)); => buffer is char*! /* per RFC 2617 Errata ID 1649 */ if ((strstr(type, "proxy") != NULL) || (strstr(type, "GET") != NULL) || (strstr(type, "HEAD") != NULL)) { memset(buffer3, 0, sizeof(buffer3)); pbuffer = buffer3; for (i = 0; i < MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH; i++) { sprintf(pbuffer, "%02x", response[i]); pbuffer += 2; } sprintf(buffer, "%s:%s:%s", buffer3, nonce, "hydra"); } else { memcpy(buffer, response, sizeof(response)); sprintf(buffer + sizeof(response), ":%s:%s", nonce, "hydra"); } MD5_Init(&md5c); MD5_Update(&md5c, buffer, strlen(buffer)); MD5_Final(response, &md5c); } memset(buffer3, 0, sizeof(buffer3)); pbuffer = buffer3; for (i = 0; i < MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH; i++) { sprintf(pbuffer, "%02x", response[i]); pbuffer += 2; } //compute ha2 //proxy case if (strstr(type, "proxy") != NULL) sprintf(buffer, "%s:%s", "HEAD", miscptr); else //http case if ((strstr(type, "GET") != NULL) || (strstr(type, "HEAD") != NULL)) sprintf(buffer, "%s:%s", type, miscptr); else //sip case if (strstr(type, "sip") != NULL) sprintf(buffer, "REGISTER:%s:%s", type, miscptr); else //others if (strstr(type, "rtsp") != NULL) sprintf(buffer, "DESCRIBE:%s://%s:%i", type, webtarget, port); else //others sprintf(buffer, "AUTHENTICATE:%s/%s", type, realm); MD5_Init(&md5c); MD5_Update(&md5c, buffer, strlen(buffer)); MD5_Final(response, &md5c); pbuffer = buffer2; for (i = 0; i < MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH; i++) { sprintf(pbuffer, "%02x", response[i]); pbuffer += 2; } //compute response if (!auth_find) snprintf(buffer, 500, "%s:%s", nonce, buffer2); else snprintf(buffer, 500, "%s:%s:%s:%s:%s", nonce, "00000001", "hydra", "auth", buffer2); MD5_Init(&md5c); MD5_Update(&md5c, buffer3, strlen(buffer3)); MD5_Update(&md5c, ":", 1); MD5_Update(&md5c, buffer, strlen(buffer)); MD5_Final(response, &md5c); pbuffer = buffer; for (i = 0; i < MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH; i++) { sprintf(pbuffer, "%02x", response[i]); pbuffer += 2; } //create the auth response if (strstr(type, "proxy") != NULL) { snprintf(result, 500, "HEAD %s HTTP/1.0\r\n%sProxy-Authorization: Digest username=\"%s\", realm=\"%s\", response=\"%s\", nonce=\"%s\", cnonce=\"hydra\", nc=00000001, algorithm=%s, qop=auth, uri=\"%s\"\r\nUser-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (Hydra)\r\nConnection: keep-alive\r\n%s\r\n", miscptr, webtarget, preplogin, realm, buffer, nonce, algo, miscptr, header); } else { if ((strstr(type, "imap") != NULL) || (strstr(type, "pop") != NULL) || (strstr(type, "smtp") != NULL) || (strstr(type, "ldap") != NULL) || (strstr(type, "xmpp") != NULL) || (strstr(type, "nntp") != NULL)) { snprintf(result, 500, "username=\"%s\",realm=\"%s\",nonce=\"%s\",cnonce=\"hydra\",nc=00000001,algorithm=%s,qop=\"auth\",digest-uri=\"%s/%s\",response=%s", preplogin, realm, nonce, algo, type, realm, buffer); } else { if (strstr(type, "sip") != NULL) { snprintf(result, 500, "username=\"%s\",realm=\"%s\",nonce=\"%s\",uri=\"%s:%s\",response=%s", preplogin, realm, nonce, type, realm, buffer); } else{ if (strstr(type, "rtsp") != NULL) { snprintf(result, 500, "username=\"%s\", realm=\"%s\", nonce=\"%s\", uri=\"%s://%s:%i\", response=\"%s\"\r\n", preplogin, realm, nonce, type, webtarget, port, buffer); } else { if (use_proxy == 1 && proxy_authentication != NULL) snprintf(result, 500, "%s http://%s:%d%s HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: %s\r\nAuthorization: Digest username=\"%s\", realm=\"%s\", response=\"%s\", nonce=\"%s\", cnonce=\"hydra\", nc=00000001, algorithm=%s, qop=auth, uri=\"%s\"\r\nProxy-Authorization: Basic %s\r\nUser-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (Hydra)\r\nConnection: keep-alive\r\n%s\r\n", type, webtarget, webport, miscptr, webtarget, preplogin, realm, buffer, nonce, algo, miscptr, proxy_authentication, header); else { if (use_proxy == 1) snprintf(result, 500, "%s http://%s:%d%s HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: %s\r\nAuthorization: Digest username=\"%s\", realm=\"%s\", response=\"%s\", nonce=\"%s\", cnonce=\"hydra\", nc=00000001, algorithm=%s, qop=auth, uri=\"%s\"\r\nUser-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (Hydra)\r\nConnection: keep-alive\r\n%s\r\n", type, webtarget, webport, miscptr, webtarget, preplogin, realm, buffer, nonce, algo, miscptr, header); else snprintf(result, 500, "%s %s HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: %s\r\nAuthorization: Digest username=\"%s\", realm=\"%s\", response=\"%s\", nonce=\"%s\", cnonce=\"hydra\", nc=00000001, algorithm=%s, qop=auth, uri=\"%s\"\r\nUser-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (Hydra)\r\nConnection: keep-alive\r\n%s\r\n", type, miscptr, webtarget, preplogin, realm, buffer, nonce, algo, miscptr, header); } } } } } free(preplogin); free(preppasswd); } /* RFC 5802: Salted Challenge Response Authentication Mechanism Note: SCRAM is a client-first SASL mechanism I want to thx Simon Josefsson for his public server test, and my girlfriend that let me work on that 2 whole nights ;) clientfirstmessagebare must be at least 500 bytes in size! */ void sasl_scram_sha1(char *result, char *pass, char *clientfirstmessagebare, char *serverfirstmessage) { int saltlen = 0; int iter = 4096; char *salt, *nonce, *ic; unsigned int resultlen = 0; char clientfinalmessagewithoutproof[200]; char buffer[500]; unsigned char SaltedPassword[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH]; unsigned char ClientKey[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH]; unsigned char StoredKey[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH]; unsigned char ClientSignature[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH]; char AuthMessage[1024]; char ClientProof[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH]; unsigned char clientproof_b64[50]; char *preppasswd; int rc = sasl_saslprep(pass, 0, &preppasswd); if (rc) { result = NULL; return; } /*client-final-message */ if (debug) hydra_report(stderr, "DEBUG S: %s\n", serverfirstmessage); //r=hydra28Bo7kduPpAZLzhRQiLxc8Y9tiwgw+yP,s=ldDgevctH+Kg7b8RnnA3qA==,i=4096 if (strstr(serverfirstmessage, "r=") == NULL) { hydra_report(stderr, "Error: Can't understand server message\n"); free(preppasswd); result = NULL; return; } strncpy(buffer, serverfirstmessage, sizeof(buffer) - 1); buffer[sizeof(buffer) - 1] = '\0'; nonce = strtok(buffer, ","); //continue to search from the previous successful call salt = strtok(NULL, ","); ic = strtok(NULL, ","); iter = atoi(ic + 2); if (iter == 0) { hydra_report(stderr, "Error: Can't understand server response\n"); free(preppasswd); result = NULL; return; } if ((nonce != NULL) && (strlen(nonce) > 2)) snprintf(clientfinalmessagewithoutproof, sizeof(clientfinalmessagewithoutproof), "c=biws,%s", nonce); else { hydra_report(stderr, "Error: Could not identify server nonce value\n"); free(preppasswd); result = NULL; return; } if ((salt != NULL) && (strlen(salt) > 2) && (strlen(salt) <= sizeof(buffer))) //s=ghgIAfLl1+yUy/Xl1WD5Tw== remove the header s= strcpy(buffer, salt + 2); else { hydra_report(stderr, "Error: Could not identify server salt value\n"); free(preppasswd); result = NULL; return; } /* SaltedPassword := Hi(Normalize(password), salt, i) */ saltlen = from64tobits((char *) salt, buffer); if (PKCS5_PBKDF2_HMAC_SHA1(preppasswd, strlen(preppasswd), (unsigned char *) salt, saltlen, iter, SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH, SaltedPassword) != 1) { hydra_report(stderr, "Error: Failed to generate PBKDF2\n"); free(preppasswd); result = NULL; return; } /* ClientKey := HMAC(SaltedPassword, "Client Key") */ #define CLIENT_KEY "Client Key" HMAC(EVP_sha1(), SaltedPassword, SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH, (const unsigned char *) CLIENT_KEY, strlen(CLIENT_KEY), ClientKey, &resultlen); /* StoredKey := H(ClientKey) */ SHA1((const unsigned char *) ClientKey, SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH, StoredKey); /* ClientSignature := HMAC(StoredKey, AuthMessage) */ snprintf(AuthMessage, 500, "%s,%s,%s", clientfirstmessagebare, serverfirstmessage, clientfinalmessagewithoutproof); HMAC(EVP_sha1(), StoredKey, SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH, (const unsigned char *) AuthMessage, strlen(AuthMessage), ClientSignature, &resultlen); /* ClientProof := ClientKey XOR ClientSignature */ xor(ClientProof, (char *) ClientKey, (char *) ClientSignature, 20); to64frombits(clientproof_b64, (const unsigned char *) ClientProof, 20); snprintf(result, 500, "%s,p=%s", clientfinalmessagewithoutproof, clientproof_b64); if (debug) hydra_report(stderr, "DEBUG C: %s\n", result); free(preppasswd); } #endif