plexpy/lib/pythonfacebook/__init__.py
2016-01-12 23:22:54 -08:00

457 lines
16 KiB
Python

#!/usr/bin/env python
#
# Copyright 2010 Facebook
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
"""Python client library for the Facebook Platform.
This client library is designed to support the Graph API and the
official Facebook JavaScript SDK, which is the canonical way to
implement Facebook authentication. Read more about the Graph API at
http://developers.facebook.com/docs/api. You can download the Facebook
JavaScript SDK at http://github.com/facebook/connect-js/.
"""
import hashlib
import hmac
import binascii
import base64
import requests
import json
import re
try:
from urllib.parse import parse_qs, urlencode
except ImportError:
from urlparse import parse_qs
from urllib import urlencode
from . import version
__version__ = version.__version__
VALID_API_VERSIONS = ["2.0", "2.1", "2.2", "2.3", "2.4", "2.5"]
class GraphAPI(object):
"""A client for the Facebook Graph API.
See http://developers.facebook.com/docs/api for complete
documentation for the API.
The Graph API is made up of the objects in Facebook (e.g., people,
pages, events, photos) and the connections between them (e.g.,
friends, photo tags, and event RSVPs). This client provides access
to those primitive types in a generic way. For example, given an
OAuth access token, this will fetch the profile of the active user
and the list of the user's friends:
graph = facebook.GraphAPI(access_token)
user = graph.get_object("me")
friends = graph.get_connections(user["id"], "friends")
You can see a list of all of the objects and connections supported
by the API at http://developers.facebook.com/docs/reference/api/.
You can obtain an access token via OAuth or by using the Facebook
JavaScript SDK. See
http://developers.facebook.com/docs/authentication/ for details.
If you are using the JavaScript SDK, you can use the
get_user_from_cookie() method below to get the OAuth access token
for the active user from the cookie saved by the SDK.
"""
def __init__(self, access_token=None, timeout=None, version=None,
proxies=None):
# The default version is only used if the version kwarg does not exist.
default_version = "2.0"
self.access_token = access_token
self.timeout = timeout
self.proxies = proxies
if version:
version_regex = re.compile("^\d\.\d$")
match = version_regex.search(str(version))
if match is not None:
if str(version) not in VALID_API_VERSIONS:
raise GraphAPIError("Valid API versions are " +
str(VALID_API_VERSIONS).strip('[]'))
else:
self.version = "v" + str(version)
else:
raise GraphAPIError("Version number should be in the"
" following format: #.# (e.g. 2.0).")
else:
self.version = "v" + default_version
def get_object(self, id, **args):
"""Fetches the given object from the graph."""
return self.request(self.version + "/" + id, args)
def get_objects(self, ids, **args):
"""Fetches all of the given object from the graph.
We return a map from ID to object. If any of the IDs are
invalid, we raise an exception.
"""
args["ids"] = ",".join(ids)
return self.request(self.version + "/", args)
def get_connections(self, id, connection_name, **args):
"""Fetches the connections for given object."""
return self.request(
"%s/%s/%s" % (self.version, id, connection_name), args)
def put_object(self, parent_object, connection_name, **data):
"""Writes the given object to the graph, connected to the given parent.
For example,
graph.put_object("me", "feed", message="Hello, world")
writes "Hello, world" to the active user's wall. Likewise, this
will comment on the first post of the active user's feed:
feed = graph.get_connections("me", "feed")
post = feed["data"][0]
graph.put_object(post["id"], "comments", message="First!")
See http://developers.facebook.com/docs/api#publishing for all
of the supported writeable objects.
Certain write operations require extended permissions. For
example, publishing to a user's feed requires the
"publish_actions" permission. See
http://developers.facebook.com/docs/publishing/ for details
about publishing permissions.
"""
assert self.access_token, "Write operations require an access token"
return self.request(
self.version + "/" + parent_object + "/" + connection_name,
post_args=data,
method="POST")
def put_wall_post(self, message, attachment={}, profile_id="me"):
"""Writes a wall post to the given profile's wall.
We default to writing to the authenticated user's wall if no
profile_id is specified.
attachment adds a structured attachment to the status message
being posted to the Wall. It should be a dictionary of the form:
{"name": "Link name"
"link": "http://www.example.com/",
"caption": "{*actor*} posted a new review",
"description": "This is a longer description of the attachment",
"picture": "http://www.example.com/thumbnail.jpg"}
"""
return self.put_object(profile_id, "feed", message=message,
**attachment)
def put_comment(self, object_id, message):
"""Writes the given comment on the given post."""
return self.put_object(object_id, "comments", message=message)
def put_like(self, object_id):
"""Likes the given post."""
return self.put_object(object_id, "likes")
def delete_object(self, id):
"""Deletes the object with the given ID from the graph."""
self.request(self.version + "/" + id, method="DELETE")
def delete_request(self, user_id, request_id):
"""Deletes the Request with the given ID for the given user."""
self.request("%s_%s" % (request_id, user_id), method="DELETE")
def put_photo(self, image, album_path="me/photos", **kwargs):
"""
Upload an image using multipart/form-data.
image - A file object representing the image to be uploaded.
album_path - A path representing where the image should be uploaded.
"""
return self.request(
self.version + "/" + album_path,
post_args=kwargs,
files={"source": image},
method="POST")
def get_version(self):
"""Fetches the current version number of the Graph API being used."""
args = {"access_token": self.access_token}
try:
response = requests.request("GET",
"https://graph.facebook.com/" +
self.version + "/me",
params=args,
timeout=self.timeout,
proxies=self.proxies)
except requests.HTTPError as e:
response = json.loads(e.read())
raise GraphAPIError(response)
try:
headers = response.headers
version = headers["facebook-api-version"].replace("v", "")
return float(version)
except Exception:
raise GraphAPIError("API version number not available")
def request(
self, path, args=None, post_args=None, files=None, method=None):
"""Fetches the given path in the Graph API.
We translate args to a valid query string. If post_args is
given, we send a POST request to the given path with the given
arguments.
"""
args = args or {}
if post_args is not None:
method = "POST"
if self.access_token:
if post_args is not None:
post_args["access_token"] = self.access_token
else:
args["access_token"] = self.access_token
try:
response = requests.request(method or "GET",
"https://graph.facebook.com/" +
path,
timeout=self.timeout,
params=args,
data=post_args,
proxies=self.proxies,
files=files)
except requests.HTTPError as e:
response = json.loads(e.read())
raise GraphAPIError(response)
headers = response.headers
if 'json' in headers['content-type']:
result = response.json()
elif 'image/' in headers['content-type']:
mimetype = headers['content-type']
result = {"data": response.content,
"mime-type": mimetype,
"url": response.url}
elif "access_token" in parse_qs(response.text):
query_str = parse_qs(response.text)
if "access_token" in query_str:
result = {"access_token": query_str["access_token"][0]}
if "expires" in query_str:
result["expires"] = query_str["expires"][0]
else:
raise GraphAPIError(response.json())
else:
raise GraphAPIError('Maintype was not text, image, or querystring')
if result and isinstance(result, dict) and result.get("error"):
raise GraphAPIError(result)
return result
def fql(self, query):
"""FQL query.
Example query: "SELECT affiliations FROM user WHERE uid = me()"
"""
return self.request(self.version + "/" + "fql", {"q": query})
def get_app_access_token(self, app_id, app_secret):
"""Get the application's access token as a string."""
args = {'grant_type': 'client_credentials',
'client_id': app_id,
'client_secret': app_secret}
return self.request("oauth/access_token", args=args)["access_token"]
def get_access_token_from_code(
self, code, redirect_uri, app_id, app_secret):
"""Get an access token from the "code" returned from an OAuth dialog.
Returns a dict containing the user-specific access token and its
expiration date (if applicable).
"""
args = {
"code": code,
"redirect_uri": redirect_uri,
"client_id": app_id,
"client_secret": app_secret}
return self.request("oauth/access_token", args)
def extend_access_token(self, app_id, app_secret):
"""
Extends the expiration time of a valid OAuth access token. See
<https://developers.facebook.com/roadmap/offline-access-removal/
#extend_token>
"""
args = {
"client_id": app_id,
"client_secret": app_secret,
"grant_type": "fb_exchange_token",
"fb_exchange_token": self.access_token,
}
return self.request("oauth/access_token", args=args)
def debug_access_token(self, token, app_id, app_secret):
"""
Gets information about a user access token issued by an app. See
<https://developers.facebook.com/docs/facebook-login/access-tokens
#debug>
We can generate the app access token by concatenating the app
id and secret: <https://developers.facebook.com/docs/
facebook-login/access-tokens#apptokens>
"""
args = {
"input_token": token,
"access_token": "%s|%s" % (app_id, app_secret)
}
return self.request("/debug_token", args=args)
class GraphAPIError(Exception):
def __init__(self, result):
self.result = result
self.code = None
try:
self.type = result["error_code"]
except:
self.type = ""
# OAuth 2.0 Draft 10
try:
self.message = result["error_description"]
except:
# OAuth 2.0 Draft 00
try:
self.message = result["error"]["message"]
self.code = result["error"].get("code")
if not self.type:
self.type = result["error"].get("type", "")
except:
# REST server style
try:
self.message = result["error_msg"]
except:
self.message = result
Exception.__init__(self, self.message)
def get_user_from_cookie(cookies, app_id, app_secret):
"""Parses the cookie set by the official Facebook JavaScript SDK.
cookies should be a dictionary-like object mapping cookie names to
cookie values.
If the user is logged in via Facebook, we return a dictionary with
the keys "uid" and "access_token". The former is the user's
Facebook ID, and the latter can be used to make authenticated
requests to the Graph API. If the user is not logged in, we
return None.
Download the official Facebook JavaScript SDK at
http://github.com/facebook/connect-js/. Read more about Facebook
authentication at
http://developers.facebook.com/docs/authentication/.
"""
cookie = cookies.get("fbsr_" + app_id, "")
if not cookie:
return None
parsed_request = parse_signed_request(cookie, app_secret)
if not parsed_request:
return None
try:
result = GraphAPI().get_access_token_from_code(
parsed_request["code"], "", app_id, app_secret)
except GraphAPIError:
return None
result["uid"] = parsed_request["user_id"]
return result
def parse_signed_request(signed_request, app_secret):
""" Return dictionary with signed request data.
We return a dictionary containing the information in the
signed_request. This includes a user_id if the user has authorised
your application, as well as any information requested.
If the signed_request is malformed or corrupted, False is returned.
"""
try:
encoded_sig, payload = map(str, signed_request.split('.', 1))
sig = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(encoded_sig + "=" *
((4 - len(encoded_sig) % 4) % 4))
data = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(payload + "=" *
((4 - len(payload) % 4) % 4))
except IndexError:
# Signed request was malformed.
return False
except TypeError:
# Signed request had a corrupted payload.
return False
except binascii.Error:
# Signed request had a corrupted payload.
return False
data = json.loads(data.decode('ascii'))
if data.get('algorithm', '').upper() != 'HMAC-SHA256':
return False
# HMAC can only handle ascii (byte) strings
# http://bugs.python.org/issue5285
app_secret = app_secret.encode('ascii')
payload = payload.encode('ascii')
expected_sig = hmac.new(app_secret,
msg=payload,
digestmod=hashlib.sha256).digest()
if sig != expected_sig:
return False
return data
def auth_url(app_id, canvas_url, perms=None, **kwargs):
url = "https://www.facebook.com/dialog/oauth?"
kvps = {'client_id': app_id, 'redirect_uri': canvas_url}
if perms:
kvps['scope'] = ",".join(perms)
kvps.update(kwargs)
return url + urlencode(kvps)