bootrom: fix mix of spaces & tabs

This commit is contained in:
Philippe Teuwen 2019-03-09 10:42:03 +01:00
commit 248a861613
4 changed files with 271 additions and 271 deletions

View file

@ -16,11 +16,11 @@ extern char _bootrom_start, _bootrom_end, _flash_start, _flash_end;
extern uint32_t _osimage_entry;
void DbpString(char *str) {
byte_t len = 0;
while (str[len] != 0x00)
len++;
byte_t len = 0;
while (str[len] != 0x00)
len++;
cmd_send(CMD_DEBUG_PRINT_STRING, len, 0, 0, (byte_t*)str, len);
cmd_send(CMD_DEBUG_PRINT_STRING, len, 0, 0, (byte_t*)str, len);
}
static void ConfigClocks(void) {
@ -30,54 +30,54 @@ static void ConfigClocks(void) {
// enable system clock and USB clock
AT91C_BASE_PMC->PMC_SCER |= AT91C_PMC_PCK | AT91C_PMC_UDP;
// enable the clock to the following peripherals
// enable the clock to the following peripherals
AT91C_BASE_PMC->PMC_PCER =
(1<<AT91C_ID_PIOA) |
(1<<AT91C_ID_ADC) |
(1<<AT91C_ID_SPI) |
(1<<AT91C_ID_SSC) |
(1<<AT91C_ID_PWMC) |
(1<<AT91C_ID_UDP);
(1<<AT91C_ID_PIOA) |
(1<<AT91C_ID_ADC) |
(1<<AT91C_ID_SPI) |
(1<<AT91C_ID_SSC) |
(1<<AT91C_ID_PWMC) |
(1<<AT91C_ID_UDP);
// worst case scenario, with MAINCK = 16Mhz xtal, startup delay is 1.4ms
// if SLCK slow clock runs at its worst case (max) frequency of 42khz
// max startup delay = (1.4ms*42k)/8 = 7.356 so round up to 8
// worst case scenario, with MAINCK = 16Mhz xtal, startup delay is 1.4ms
// if SLCK slow clock runs at its worst case (max) frequency of 42khz
// max startup delay = (1.4ms*42k)/8 = 7.356 so round up to 8
// enable main oscillator and set startup delay
// enable main oscillator and set startup delay
AT91C_BASE_PMC->PMC_MOR =
AT91C_CKGR_MOSCEN |
PMC_MAIN_OSC_STARTUP_DELAY(8);
// wait for main oscillator to stabilize
while ( !(AT91C_BASE_PMC->PMC_SR & AT91C_PMC_MOSCS) ) {};
// wait for main oscillator to stabilize
while ( !(AT91C_BASE_PMC->PMC_SR & AT91C_PMC_MOSCS) ) {};
// PLL output clock frequency in range 80 - 160 MHz needs CKGR_PLL = 00
// PLL output clock frequency in range 150 - 180 MHz needs CKGR_PLL = 10
// PLL output is MAINCK * multiplier / divisor = 16Mhz * 12 / 2 = 96Mhz
AT91C_BASE_PMC->PMC_PLLR =
PMC_PLL_DIVISOR(2) |
//PMC_PLL_COUNT_BEFORE_LOCK(0x10) |
PMC_PLL_COUNT_BEFORE_LOCK(0x3F) |
PMC_PLL_FREQUENCY_RANGE(0) |
PMC_PLL_MULTIPLIER(12) |
PMC_PLL_USB_DIVISOR(1);
PMC_PLL_DIVISOR(2) |
//PMC_PLL_COUNT_BEFORE_LOCK(0x10) |
PMC_PLL_COUNT_BEFORE_LOCK(0x3F) |
PMC_PLL_FREQUENCY_RANGE(0) |
PMC_PLL_MULTIPLIER(12) |
PMC_PLL_USB_DIVISOR(1);
// wait for PLL to lock
while ( !(AT91C_BASE_PMC->PMC_SR & AT91C_PMC_LOCK) ) {};
// wait for PLL to lock
while ( !(AT91C_BASE_PMC->PMC_SR & AT91C_PMC_LOCK) ) {};
// we want a master clock (MCK) to be PLL clock / 2 = 96Mhz / 2 = 48Mhz
// datasheet recommends that this register is programmed in two operations
// when changing to PLL, program the prescaler first then the source
// we want a master clock (MCK) to be PLL clock / 2 = 96Mhz / 2 = 48Mhz
// datasheet recommends that this register is programmed in two operations
// when changing to PLL, program the prescaler first then the source
AT91C_BASE_PMC->PMC_MCKR = AT91C_PMC_PRES_CLK_2;
// wait for main clock ready signal
while ( !(AT91C_BASE_PMC->PMC_SR & AT91C_PMC_MCKRDY) ) {};
// wait for main clock ready signal
while ( !(AT91C_BASE_PMC->PMC_SR & AT91C_PMC_MCKRDY) ) {};
// set the source to PLL
// set the source to PLL
AT91C_BASE_PMC->PMC_MCKR = AT91C_PMC_PRES_CLK_2 | AT91C_PMC_CSS_PLL_CLK;
// wait for main clock ready signal
while ( !(AT91C_BASE_PMC->PMC_SR & AT91C_PMC_MCKRDY) ) {};
// wait for main clock ready signal
while ( !(AT91C_BASE_PMC->PMC_SR & AT91C_PMC_MCKRDY) ) {};
}
static void Fatal(void) {
@ -85,140 +85,140 @@ static void Fatal(void) {
}
void UsbPacketReceived(uint8_t *packet, int len) {
int i, dont_ack = 0;
UsbCommand* c = (UsbCommand *)packet;
volatile uint32_t *p;
int i, dont_ack = 0;
UsbCommand* c = (UsbCommand *)packet;
volatile uint32_t *p;
//if ( len != sizeof(UsbCommand)) Fatal();
//if ( len != sizeof(UsbCommand)) Fatal();
uint32_t arg0 = (uint32_t)c->arg[0];
uint32_t arg0 = (uint32_t)c->arg[0];
switch(c->cmd) {
case CMD_DEVICE_INFO: {
dont_ack = 1;
arg0 = DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_BOOTROM_PRESENT | DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_BOOTROM |
DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_UNDERSTANDS_START_FLASH;
if(common_area.flags.osimage_present)
arg0 |= DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_OSIMAGE_PRESENT;
switch(c->cmd) {
case CMD_DEVICE_INFO: {
dont_ack = 1;
arg0 = DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_BOOTROM_PRESENT | DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_BOOTROM |
DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_UNDERSTANDS_START_FLASH;
if(common_area.flags.osimage_present)
arg0 |= DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_OSIMAGE_PRESENT;
cmd_send(CMD_DEVICE_INFO,arg0,1,2,0,0);
} break;
cmd_send(CMD_DEVICE_INFO,arg0,1,2,0,0);
} break;
case CMD_SETUP_WRITE: {
/* The temporary write buffer of the embedded flash controller is mapped to the
* whole memory region, only the last 8 bits are decoded.
*/
p = (volatile uint32_t *)&_flash_start;
for(i = 0; i < 12; i++)
p[i+arg0] = c->d.asDwords[i];
} break;
case CMD_SETUP_WRITE: {
/* The temporary write buffer of the embedded flash controller is mapped to the
* whole memory region, only the last 8 bits are decoded.
*/
p = (volatile uint32_t *)&_flash_start;
for(i = 0; i < 12; i++)
p[i+arg0] = c->d.asDwords[i];
} break;
case CMD_FINISH_WRITE: {
uint32_t* flash_mem = (uint32_t*)(&_flash_start);
for ( int j=0; j<2; j++) {
for(i = 0+(64*j); i < 64+(64*j); i++) {
flash_mem[i] = c->d.asDwords[i];
}
case CMD_FINISH_WRITE: {
uint32_t* flash_mem = (uint32_t*)(&_flash_start);
for ( int j=0; j<2; j++) {
for(i = 0+(64*j); i < 64+(64*j); i++) {
flash_mem[i] = c->d.asDwords[i];
}
uint32_t flash_address = arg0 + (0x100*j);
uint32_t flash_address = arg0 + (0x100*j);
/* Check that the address that we are supposed to write to is within our allowed region */
if( ((flash_address + AT91C_IFLASH_PAGE_SIZE - 1) >= end_addr) || (flash_address < start_addr) ) {
/* Disallow write */
dont_ack = 1;
cmd_send(CMD_NACK,0,0,0,0,0);
} else {
uint32_t page_n = (flash_address - ((uint32_t)flash_mem)) / AT91C_IFLASH_PAGE_SIZE;
/* Translate address to flash page and do flash, update here for the 512k part */
AT91C_BASE_EFC0->EFC_FCR = MC_FLASH_COMMAND_KEY |
MC_FLASH_COMMAND_PAGEN(page_n) |
AT91C_MC_FCMD_START_PROG;
}
/* Check that the address that we are supposed to write to is within our allowed region */
if( ((flash_address + AT91C_IFLASH_PAGE_SIZE - 1) >= end_addr) || (flash_address < start_addr) ) {
/* Disallow write */
dont_ack = 1;
cmd_send(CMD_NACK,0,0,0,0,0);
} else {
uint32_t page_n = (flash_address - ((uint32_t)flash_mem)) / AT91C_IFLASH_PAGE_SIZE;
/* Translate address to flash page and do flash, update here for the 512k part */
AT91C_BASE_EFC0->EFC_FCR = MC_FLASH_COMMAND_KEY |
MC_FLASH_COMMAND_PAGEN(page_n) |
AT91C_MC_FCMD_START_PROG;
}
// Wait until flashing of page finishes
uint32_t sr;
while(!((sr = AT91C_BASE_EFC0->EFC_FSR) & AT91C_MC_FRDY));
if(sr & (AT91C_MC_LOCKE | AT91C_MC_PROGE)) {
dont_ack = 1;
cmd_send(CMD_NACK,sr,0,0,0,0);
}
}
} break;
// Wait until flashing of page finishes
uint32_t sr;
while(!((sr = AT91C_BASE_EFC0->EFC_FSR) & AT91C_MC_FRDY));
if(sr & (AT91C_MC_LOCKE | AT91C_MC_PROGE)) {
dont_ack = 1;
cmd_send(CMD_NACK,sr,0,0,0,0);
}
}
} break;
case CMD_HARDWARE_RESET: {
usb_disable();
AT91C_BASE_RSTC->RSTC_RCR = RST_CONTROL_KEY | AT91C_RSTC_PROCRST;
} break;
case CMD_HARDWARE_RESET: {
usb_disable();
AT91C_BASE_RSTC->RSTC_RCR = RST_CONTROL_KEY | AT91C_RSTC_PROCRST;
} break;
case CMD_START_FLASH: {
if (c->arg[2] == START_FLASH_MAGIC)
bootrom_unlocked = 1;
else
bootrom_unlocked = 0;
case CMD_START_FLASH: {
if (c->arg[2] == START_FLASH_MAGIC)
bootrom_unlocked = 1;
else
bootrom_unlocked = 0;
int prot_start = (int)&_bootrom_start;
int prot_end = (int)&_bootrom_end;
int allow_start = (int)&_flash_start;
int allow_end = (int)&_flash_end;
int cmd_start = c->arg[0];
int cmd_end = c->arg[1];
int prot_start = (int)&_bootrom_start;
int prot_end = (int)&_bootrom_end;
int allow_start = (int)&_flash_start;
int allow_end = (int)&_flash_end;
int cmd_start = c->arg[0];
int cmd_end = c->arg[1];
/* Only allow command if the bootrom is unlocked, or the parameters are outside of the protected
* bootrom area. In any case they must be within the flash area.
*/
if( (bootrom_unlocked || ((cmd_start >= prot_end) || (cmd_end < prot_start))) &&
(cmd_start >= allow_start) &&
(cmd_end <= allow_end) ) {
start_addr = cmd_start;
end_addr = cmd_end;
} else {
start_addr = end_addr = 0;
dont_ack = 1;
cmd_send(CMD_NACK,0,0,0,0,0);
}
} break;
/* Only allow command if the bootrom is unlocked, or the parameters are outside of the protected
* bootrom area. In any case they must be within the flash area.
*/
if( (bootrom_unlocked || ((cmd_start >= prot_end) || (cmd_end < prot_start))) &&
(cmd_start >= allow_start) &&
(cmd_end <= allow_end) ) {
start_addr = cmd_start;
end_addr = cmd_end;
} else {
start_addr = end_addr = 0;
dont_ack = 1;
cmd_send(CMD_NACK,0,0,0,0,0);
}
} break;
default: {
Fatal();
} break;
}
default: {
Fatal();
} break;
}
if (!dont_ack)
cmd_send(CMD_ACK,arg0,0,0,0,0);
if (!dont_ack)
cmd_send(CMD_ACK,arg0,0,0,0,0);
}
static void flash_mode(int externally_entered) {
start_addr = 0;
end_addr = 0;
bootrom_unlocked = 0;
uint8_t rx[sizeof(UsbCommand)];
start_addr = 0;
end_addr = 0;
bootrom_unlocked = 0;
uint8_t rx[sizeof(UsbCommand)];
usb_enable();
usb_enable();
// wait for reset to be complete?
for (volatile size_t i=0; i<0x100000; i++) {};
// wait for reset to be complete?
for (volatile size_t i=0; i<0x100000; i++) {};
for(;;) {
WDT_HIT();
for(;;) {
WDT_HIT();
// Check if there is a usb packet available
if (usb_poll_validate_length()) {
if (usb_read(rx, sizeof(rx)) )
UsbPacketReceived(rx, sizeof(rx));
}
// Check if there is a usb packet available
if (usb_poll_validate_length()) {
if (usb_read(rx, sizeof(rx)) )
UsbPacketReceived(rx, sizeof(rx));
}
if (!externally_entered && !BUTTON_PRESS()) {
/* Perform a reset to leave flash mode */
usb_disable();
LED_B_ON();
AT91C_BASE_RSTC->RSTC_RCR = RST_CONTROL_KEY | AT91C_RSTC_PROCRST;
for(;;) {};
}
if (externally_entered && BUTTON_PRESS()) {
/* Let the user's button press override the automatic leave */
externally_entered = 0;
}
}
if (!externally_entered && !BUTTON_PRESS()) {
/* Perform a reset to leave flash mode */
usb_disable();
LED_B_ON();
AT91C_BASE_RSTC->RSTC_RCR = RST_CONTROL_KEY | AT91C_RSTC_PROCRST;
for(;;) {};
}
if (externally_entered && BUTTON_PRESS()) {
/* Let the user's button press override the automatic leave */
externally_entered = 0;
}
}
}
void BootROM(void) {
@ -229,54 +229,54 @@ void BootROM(void) {
// Kill all the pullups, especially the one on USB D+; leave them for
// the unused pins, though.
AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PPUDR =
GPIO_USB_PU |
GPIO_LED_A |
GPIO_LED_B |
GPIO_LED_C |
GPIO_LED_D |
GPIO_FPGA_DIN |
GPIO_FPGA_DOUT |
GPIO_FPGA_CCLK |
GPIO_FPGA_NINIT |
GPIO_FPGA_NPROGRAM |
GPIO_FPGA_DONE |
GPIO_MUXSEL_HIPKD |
GPIO_MUXSEL_HIRAW |
GPIO_MUXSEL_LOPKD |
GPIO_MUXSEL_LORAW |
GPIO_RELAY |
GPIO_NVDD_ON;
// (and add GPIO_FPGA_ON)
// These pins are outputs
GPIO_USB_PU |
GPIO_LED_A |
GPIO_LED_B |
GPIO_LED_C |
GPIO_LED_D |
GPIO_FPGA_DIN |
GPIO_FPGA_DOUT |
GPIO_FPGA_CCLK |
GPIO_FPGA_NINIT |
GPIO_FPGA_NPROGRAM |
GPIO_FPGA_DONE |
GPIO_MUXSEL_HIPKD |
GPIO_MUXSEL_HIRAW |
GPIO_MUXSEL_LOPKD |
GPIO_MUXSEL_LORAW |
GPIO_RELAY |
GPIO_NVDD_ON;
// (and add GPIO_FPGA_ON)
// These pins are outputs
AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_OER =
GPIO_LED_A |
GPIO_LED_B |
GPIO_LED_C |
GPIO_LED_D |
GPIO_RELAY |
GPIO_NVDD_ON;
// PIO controls the following pins
GPIO_LED_A |
GPIO_LED_B |
GPIO_LED_C |
GPIO_LED_D |
GPIO_RELAY |
GPIO_NVDD_ON;
// PIO controls the following pins
AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PER =
GPIO_USB_PU |
GPIO_LED_A |
GPIO_LED_B |
GPIO_LED_C |
GPIO_LED_D;
GPIO_USB_PU |
GPIO_LED_A |
GPIO_LED_B |
GPIO_LED_C |
GPIO_LED_D;
// USB_D_PLUS_PULLUP_OFF();
usb_disable();
LED_D_OFF();
LED_C_ON();
LED_B_OFF();
LED_A_OFF();
// USB_D_PLUS_PULLUP_OFF();
usb_disable();
LED_D_OFF();
LED_C_ON();
LED_B_OFF();
LED_A_OFF();
// Set the first 256kb memory flashspeed
AT91C_BASE_EFC0->EFC_FMR = AT91C_MC_FWS_1FWS | MC_FLASH_MODE_MASTER_CLK_IN_MHZ(48);
// Set the first 256kb memory flashspeed
AT91C_BASE_EFC0->EFC_FMR = AT91C_MC_FWS_1FWS | MC_FLASH_MODE_MASTER_CLK_IN_MHZ(48);
// 9 = 256, 10+ is 512kb
uint8_t id = ( *(AT91C_DBGU_CIDR) & 0xF00) >> 8;
if ( id > 9 )
AT91C_BASE_EFC1->EFC_FMR = AT91C_MC_FWS_1FWS | MC_FLASH_MODE_MASTER_CLK_IN_MHZ(48);
// 9 = 256, 10+ is 512kb
uint8_t id = ( *(AT91C_DBGU_CIDR) & 0xF00) >> 8;
if ( id > 9 )
AT91C_BASE_EFC1->EFC_FMR = AT91C_MC_FWS_1FWS | MC_FLASH_MODE_MASTER_CLK_IN_MHZ(48);
// Initialize all system clocks
ConfigClocks();
@ -288,36 +288,36 @@ void BootROM(void) {
case AT91C_RSTC_RSTTYP_WATCHDOG:
case AT91C_RSTC_RSTTYP_SOFTWARE:
case AT91C_RSTC_RSTTYP_USER:
/* In these cases the common_area in RAM should be ok, retain it if it's there */
if(common_area.magic == COMMON_AREA_MAGIC && common_area.version == 1)
common_area_present = 1;
break;
/* In these cases the common_area in RAM should be ok, retain it if it's there */
if(common_area.magic == COMMON_AREA_MAGIC && common_area.version == 1)
common_area_present = 1;
break;
default: /* Otherwise, initialize it from scratch */
break;
break;
}
if (!common_area_present){
/* Common area not ok, initialize it */
int i;
/* Makeshift memset, no need to drag util.c into this */
for(i=0; i<sizeof(common_area); i++)
((char*)&common_area)[i] = 0;
/* Common area not ok, initialize it */
int i;
/* Makeshift memset, no need to drag util.c into this */
for(i=0; i<sizeof(common_area); i++)
((char*)&common_area)[i] = 0;
common_area.magic = COMMON_AREA_MAGIC;
common_area.version = 1;
common_area.flags.bootrom_present = 1;
common_area.magic = COMMON_AREA_MAGIC;
common_area.version = 1;
common_area.flags.bootrom_present = 1;
}
common_area.flags.bootrom_present = 1;
if (common_area.command == COMMON_AREA_COMMAND_ENTER_FLASH_MODE) {
common_area.command = COMMON_AREA_COMMAND_NONE;
flash_mode(1);
common_area.command = COMMON_AREA_COMMAND_NONE;
flash_mode(1);
} else if (BUTTON_PRESS()) {
flash_mode(0);
flash_mode(0);
} else if (_osimage_entry == 0xffffffffU) {
flash_mode(1);
flash_mode(1);
} else {
// jump to Flash address of the osimage entry point (LSBit set for thumb mode)
__asm("bx %0\n" : : "r" ( ((int)&_osimage_entry) | 0x1 ) );
// jump to Flash address of the osimage entry point (LSBit set for thumb mode)
__asm("bx %0\n" : : "r" ( ((int)&_osimage_entry) | 0x1 ) );
}
}

View file

@ -12,40 +12,40 @@
.global flashstart
flashstart:
b reset
b undefined_instruction
b software_interrupt
b prefetch_abort
b data_abort
b . @reserved
ldr pc, [pc,#-0xF20] @ IRQ - read the AIC
b fiq
b reset
b undefined_instruction
b software_interrupt
b prefetch_abort
b data_abort
b . @reserved
ldr pc, [pc,#-0xF20] @ IRQ - read the AIC
b fiq
reset:
ldr sp, =_stack_end @ initialize stack pointer to top of RAM
ldr sp, =_stack_end @ initialize stack pointer to top of RAM
@ copy bootloader to RAM (in case the user re-flashes the bootloader)
ldr r0, =__bootphase2_src_start__
ldr r1, =__bootphase2_start__
ldr r2, =__bootphase2_end__
@ copy bootloader to RAM (in case the user re-flashes the bootloader)
ldr r0, =__bootphase2_src_start__
ldr r1, =__bootphase2_start__
ldr r2, =__bootphase2_end__
1:
ldr r3, [r0], #4
str r3, [r1], #4
cmp r1, r2
blo 1b
ldr r3, [r0], #4
str r3, [r1], #4
cmp r1, r2
blo 1b
ldr r3, =ram_start @ start address of RAM bootloader
bx r3 @ jump to it
ldr r3, =ram_start @ start address of RAM bootloader
bx r3 @ jump to it
.ltorg
.ltorg
undefined_instruction:
b .
b .
software_interrupt:
b .
b .
prefetch_abort:
b .
b .
data_abort:
b .
b .
fiq:
b .
b .

View file

@ -12,52 +12,52 @@ INCLUDE ../common/ldscript.common
PHDRS
{
phase1 PT_LOAD;
phase2 PT_LOAD;
bss PT_LOAD;
phase1 PT_LOAD;
phase2 PT_LOAD;
bss PT_LOAD;
}
ENTRY(flashstart)
SECTIONS
{
.bootphase1 : {
*(.startup)
.bootphase1 : {
*(.startup)
. = ALIGN(4);
_version_information_start = .;
KEEP(*(.version_information));
. = ALIGN(4);
_version_information_start = .;
KEEP(*(.version_information));
. = LENGTH(bootphase1) - 0x4;
LONG(_version_information_start);
} >bootphase1 :phase1
. = LENGTH(bootphase1) - 0x4;
LONG(_version_information_start);
} >bootphase1 :phase1
.bootphase2 : {
*(.startphase2)
*(.text)
*(.text.*)
*(.eh_frame)
*(.glue_7)
*(.glue_7t)
*(.rodata)
*(.rodata.*)
*(.data)
*(.data.*)
. = ALIGN(4);
} >ram AT>bootphase2 :phase2
.bootphase2 : {
*(.startphase2)
*(.text)
*(.text.*)
*(.eh_frame)
*(.glue_7)
*(.glue_7t)
*(.rodata)
*(.rodata.*)
*(.data)
*(.data.*)
. = ALIGN(4);
} >ram AT>bootphase2 :phase2
__bootphase2_src_start__ = LOADADDR(.bootphase2);
__bootphase2_start__ = ADDR(.bootphase2);
__bootphase2_end__ = __bootphase2_start__ + SIZEOF(.bootphase2);
__bootphase2_src_start__ = LOADADDR(.bootphase2);
__bootphase2_start__ = ADDR(.bootphase2);
__bootphase2_end__ = __bootphase2_start__ + SIZEOF(.bootphase2);
.bss : {
__bss_start__ = .;
*(.bss)
*(.bss.*)
. = ALIGN(4);
__bss_end__ = .;
} >ram AT>ram :bss
.bss : {
__bss_start__ = .;
*(.bss)
*(.bss.*)
. = ALIGN(4);
__bss_end__ = .;
} >ram AT>ram :bss
.commonarea (NOLOAD) : {
*(.commonarea)
} >commonarea
.commonarea (NOLOAD) : {
*(.commonarea)
} >commonarea
}

View file

@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
.global ram_start
ram_start:
ldr sp, =_stack_end
bl BootROM
ldr sp, =_stack_end
bl BootROM
.ltorg
.ltorg